{"id":131,"date":"2019-08-19T17:47:10","date_gmt":"2019-08-19T17:47:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/?p=131"},"modified":"2019-08-29T15:15:23","modified_gmt":"2019-08-29T15:15:23","slug":"new-ventures-in-canadian-journalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/2019\/08\/19\/new-ventures-in-canadian-journalism\/","title":{"rendered":"New ventures in Canadian journalism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tanner Morton<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">On\nMarch 19, the Ryerson Communications Centre filled with journalists and news\njunkies, attending yet another event attempting to confront the uncertain\nreality of journalism in Canada. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It happened also to be\nthe day of the federal budget release, where the government of Canada outlined\nits upcoming plan to fund journalism in Canada. March 19 was altogether a day\nfilled with plans to save the Canadian news industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At Ryerson, the title\nof the evening\u2019s panel was \u201cJournalism: All Shook Up\u201d. Each speaker used their\ntime to deliver thoughts on what could save an industry in crisis. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A theme gradually\nemerged, and as the evening concluded there seemed to be a consensus among\npanellists that the massive media chains of yesteryear were no longer\nsustainable. What they called \u201cfragmented media\u201d was going to be the way\nforward. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The long, slow death of traditional journalism has been reported in Canada since the earliest, most tentative steps of the \u201cinformation superhighway\u201d \u2014the world wide web\u2014 what we now know simply as The Internet\u00ad. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Moving from a long-established, stable, profitable, advertising-based business model, to one predicated upon the ever-shifting sands of digital-first-whatever-that-means-and-by-the-way-who-is-paying-for-it, was never going to be straightforward. Or profitable. Or, a pessimist might suggest, even sustainable. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The shift to digital has dried up traditional streams of advertising revenue, and the national newspaper chains that still serve as some of Canada\u2019s largest news organizations are closing outlets or scrambling to save whatever lingering publications still operate across the country. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Trying to find a\nsilver lining<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">The\nLocal News Research Project, a crowd-sourced initiative that keeps a check on\nlocal outlets in Canada, reports that 275 news outlets have shut down since\n2008. In their place, 105 new ventures have sprung up. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While these numbers paint a troubling picture, the goal of the conference at Ryerson wasn\u2019t to focus on the difficult conditions facing Canadian journalism. Instead, it was to look for positive developments in a rapidly changing industry, and maybe predict where the industry might be headed. Each speaker used their time at the podium to deliver their thoughts on how journalists can weather the storm, and how emerging news ventures are innovating to keep afloat. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"RRJ Unpublished: Journalism All Shook Up!\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tTaFIFuzG4Y?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The\noptimistic view is that the scaling back of traditional media organizations\ncreates plenty of holes that need filling. The challenge then is to fill in\nthese spaces with sustainable solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each of the panelists\nhad their own niche approach to that challenge, and rarely did their ideas\noverlap. Hyper-local outlets shared the stage with networks focused on\ndisseminating stories across Canadian newsrooms, and organizations aiming to\nchange how stories are reported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Back to Local<\/strong> <strong>with <\/strong><em><strong>The\nPointer<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\"><em>The Pointer<\/em> is a Brampton-based online publication produced since 2018 by former <em>Toronto Star <\/em>reporter San Grewal. It aims to bolster the coverage in one of Ontario\u2019s largest cities in the Greater Toronto Area. Grewal went into the enterprise feeling that the city of Toronto didn\u2019t need yet another news outlet, but surrounding communities such as Brampton did.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOne of the things I\nstarted to notice was that local news started to contract, and not just the\nlegacy platforms but smaller local dailies, long-standing ones like <em>The Guelph Mercury<\/em> folded, and other outlets started to withdraw from the news game,\u201d\nsaid Grewal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This was because the large players, such as Torstar and Post Media, saw their advertising revenues plummet, and cuts had to be made to their newsrooms in smaller communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even the local news outlets that were able to keep afloat such as <em>Brantford Expositor,<\/em> were cut to the quick. Chains sent out journalists from their big-city newsrooms to report stories they deemed newsworthy, but the coverage wasn&#8217;t the same. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u201cThere is really an inability for larger platforms, national platforms to be able to get into the granular stories of the local market.\u201d <\/p><p>&#8211; San Grewal The Pointer<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The NAFTA renegotiations in 2018, for example, were a national focus when <em>The Pointer <\/em>was first established. Grewal said that even though impacted industries such as aluminum\u2014 vital to automotive plants in Brampton\u2014 were at the centre of the talks, there was little coverage of this angle for local audiences. Stories such as this were Grewal\u2019s inspiration for launching his Brampton-focused newsroom. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Without going into specific numbers, Grewal says that <em>The Pointer<\/em> has been a sustainable business since its launch. But \u201csustainable\u201d is not the same as &#8220;profitable&#8221;, and just how sustainable <em>The Pointer <\/em>is, is hard to know. Grewal won\u2019t say, and public financial reports are unavailable. Whether the model is viable in the long term, with the potential to take hold and spread to other under-served local markets, is anybody\u2019s guess.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Changing the\nConversation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">Local coverage isn\u2019t the only facet of journalism that has been scaled down as traditional outlets look to cut costs. Articles featuring in-depth analysis have been replaced by work that requires fewer resources. Luckily, there are organizations that look to provide newsrooms across Canada with deeply researched pieces, absolutely free. Well, <em>sort of<\/em> free.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The Conversation <\/em>debuted in Australia\nin the summer of 2010. It was marketed as a platform where academic research\nwould intersect with traditional journalism. <em>The Conversation Network <\/em>has\nsince expanded with hubs opening in different countries. <em>The Conversation Canada<\/em> started operation in 2017. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From a trendy co-working office in downtown Toronto, editor-in-chief Scott White explained the origin of the Canadian branch. As we spoke, other editors popped in to introduce themselves before heading to the cafe where they\u2019d grabbing a coffee, snagging a table, and getting down to work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He is no stranger to\ntraditional Canadian media, having worked for national heavyweights like the <em>Canadian Press<\/em>\nand Post Media.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI was editor-in-chief at <em>CP<\/em> for a billion years,\u201d said White. In fact, it was 15, and such a long run in newsroom leadership set him up nicely for a job that takes scholarly output, repackages it, and distributes it as journalism. In the role, White collaborates with dozens of publications to make sure that stories reached the greatest number of readers possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>White said that many\npeople forget that <em>CP <\/em>used to be a non-profit cooperative before it was\nrestructured into a for-profit business in 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the co-op days,\nmember newsrooms would share stories among themselves. Part of White\u2019s\nresponsibilities was to work with different publications as partners, not as\npapers under a corporate structure. Now that White is leading <em>The Conversation<\/em> in Canada, working co-operatively with members has re-emerged as a\ncore responsibility of his job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u201cThere\u2019s a number of the same issues.You want to understand what&#8217;s going on and keep the members feeling relevant, and that they\u2019re a relevant part of the organization.\u201d<\/p><p>&#8211;  Scott White, <em>The Conversation Canada<\/em> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>In the case of <em>The Conversation<\/em>, the members are universities and think tanks that pay to belong to the organization. For their buy-in, member universities and think tanks gain access to sophisticated tracking and engagement tools, enabling them to measure and assess those most valuable of intellectual assets, <strong>impact<\/strong> and <strong>reach<\/strong>. The content is licensed under Creative Commons and as such is free to the public. Academics can publish even if their own university isn\u2019t a paying member, but it limits the tracking data that are available from <em>The Conversation<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All stories published\nby <em>The Conversation Canada<\/em> can be republished by any news organization\nacross the globe, with proper accreditation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s different than\nthe strategy that other organizations are doing where they\u2019re putting up\nwalls,\u201d said Lisa Varano, audience development editor at <em>The Conversation Canada<\/em>. \u201cWe give away all of our content for free to\nanybody who wants to republish it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each story from <em>The Conversation<\/em> has a small chunk of embedded code that is used to track how it is shared. Writers, and their host university, can then see how their article spreads across the web. Academics can use this information to gauge where their work is gaining traction, which could, in turn, help them strategize where to seek future funding. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"2000\" src=\"http:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/the-conversations-guide-to-republishing-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-103\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/the-conversations-guide-to-republishing-5.png 800w, https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/the-conversations-guide-to-republishing-5-120x300.png 120w, https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/the-conversations-guide-to-republishing-5-768x1920.png 768w, https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/the-conversations-guide-to-republishing-5-410x1024.png 410w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThere\u2019s\nthis whole thing in academia called \u2018knowledge mobilization\u2019 or \u2018knowledge\ntransfer\u2019,\u201d said White. \u201cIt\u2019s a big thing now because academics want to make\nsure that their work is getting out to the general public.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It may surprise many that the most frequent republisher of <em>Conversation<\/em> content is <em>The Weather Network<\/em>, followed by <em>Macleans<\/em> and <em>Global<\/em>. Varano says she believes the science-focused content provided by <em>The Conversation<\/em> is popular because there are not always people with deep scientific knowledge or understanding in modern newsrooms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since <em>The Conversation Canada<\/em> launched, according to White, their content has been republished by over 300 different publications across the globe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Republishing has\nallowed writers and content creators to see their work reach well beyond\nCanada, and with an average readership of 1.3 million views per month \u2014a 55 per\ncent increase from the previous year\u2014 that reach is only expected to grow. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the Canadian\npublication began, Verano said that they were able to tap into the existing\ninternational <em>Conversation<\/em> network for republishing opportunities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Compare this to the traditional idea of newsrooms fiercely protecting their exclusives from the competition. For profit-driven publications, the worry about getting scooped by the competition trumped much else. By competitive necessity, newsrooms protected their exclusives. By contrast, as a not-for-profit operation, <em>The Conversation<\/em> is focused not on generating revenue from an audience \u2014 that aspect, so necessary for survival, is covered in the business model by the membership buy-in \u2014 but instead on their stories being engaged by the greatest number of readers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p> \u201cWe\u2019re giving things away because it\u2019s our mission to get that information out there and improve the information that\u2019s out there.\u201d <\/p><p>&#8211; Lisa Varano, <em>The Conversation Canada<\/em> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>This\nstrategy allows Canadian news organizations to benefit from the work produced\nby academics and made available by <em>The\nConversation<\/em>, without the need for a\ncentralized corporation. Newsrooms can pick articles that suit their audience\nwithout devoting additional resources to covering niche topics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>White said that the\ncore goal of <em>The Conversation Canada <\/em>is to provide detailed analysis and information to\nthe public, and not to advocate for a particular stance or&nbsp;point of view.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u201cSolutions\u201d\nJournalism? \u201cAdvocacy\u201d Journalism? What\u2019s going on here? <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">Advocacy journalism remains an uneasy topic for journalists. Journalism schools  teach that a proper reporter must remain objective unless they are specifically writing an opinion article. Navigating the space between journalist and activist has become increasingly difficult with the rise of &#8220;solutions&#8221; journalism. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The term \u201csolutions\njournalism\u201d refers to the notion that instead of reporting on the seemingly\nconstant negative events happening in the world, journalists should endeavour\nto publish stories that reflect positive change and provide readers with how it\nwas accomplished. Not everything needs to be doom and gloom. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While the idea of solutions journalism may not be well known by every journalist, it isn&#8217;t a new style of reporting. In a 1998 article for the <em>Columbia Review of Journalism<\/em>, Susan Benesch explored what she characterized as \u201creporting on efforts that seem to succeed at solving particular social problems.&#8221; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The criticism against this form of journalism is that it is not, in fact, journalism at all. The stories are too treacly. Events and trends that need to be taken seriously, and understood deeply, are instead rendered into derivative pieces of fluff. As cautionary reports and deep dives into the latest piece of government corruption, journalism that spotlights the better parts of society may be written off as unedifying.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Environmental degradation. Democracy in retreat. The rise of nativistic populism. Enduring racism, Islamophobia, and anti-Semitism. Are these not the essential stories of our time? And, if so, how are we to package them in a way that is \u2014in the language of solutions journalism \u2014uplifting?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And even if that question is unanswerable, is it even the role of journalism to \u201cuplift\u201d? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since Benesch&#8217;s piece\nwas published lightyears ago in a largely pre-internet age, an organization has\nformed to champion the cause of solutions journalism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s not necessarily\nthis brand new revelation, it\u2019s just changing the content,\u201d said Jules Hotz of\nthe New York-based Solutions Journalism Network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s not opinion\njournalism,\u201d said Hotz. \u201cJournalists are not coming in and making an argument\nfor a program or cause. Instead, they are reporting with an eye to rigour, the\nsame things they bring to non-solutions journalism. They\u2019re reporting on where that\nsolution, or response, succeeds and where it fails.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Solutions\nJournalism Network (SJN) calls itself an organization \u201cfocused on training\njournalists to approach their stories from an alternative solutions-based\nangle\u201d. Hotz said that equipping journalists with the skills needed to pursue\nthis style of reporting is SJN&#8217;s main aim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While solutions journalism is a term that has been used by organizations such as <em>The National Observer<\/em> and <em>The Discourse<\/em>, no one calls themselves a solutions journalist. Journalists can\u2019t build their careers only reporting solutions-based stories. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In fact, Hotz said it\nwould be next to impossible for a newsroom to report only solutions stories.\nThis is why it should be seen as an <em>approach<\/em> to reporting, rather than a distinct model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through online and in-person workshops, would-be solutions journalists are taught how to use this approach in their work. According to Hotz, solutions journalism still considers the same questions as any other form of reporting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>\u201cWhat kind of journalism techniques does it take to do solutions journalism, who do you interview, where do you look for stories, how do you make sure that you\u2019re not doing advocacy and that you\u2019re actually covering this with rigour?\u201d<\/em> <\/p><p> &#8211;<em>Jules Hotz, Solutions Journalism Network <\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>SJN has a database of more than 6000 stories from around the world that it classifies as solutions journalism. Stories are listed by location, and 127 of the 6000 are from Canada. That number \u2014that proportion \u2014 is small, but it is growing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The benefit of the\ndatabase, aside from allowing journalists to see the reach of their story, is\nthat any reader can see what previous work has been done on any given issue and\nits effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s useful for\njournalists, but we also really tried to build the platform for people who are\nnot journalists as well,\u201d said Hotz, and that one of the key groups would be\npolicymakers. These individuals, or more likely their staff, can search through\nthe database to find how other communities have dealt with similar problems and\nadopt solutions to find their own resolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The SJN database is still being developed. One of its goals is that it will eventually allow users to see how SJN stories have brought about policy change in communities around the world. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI think that\ncommunities gravitate towards solutions journalism because they are so used to\nreporters coming in and just talking about the problems,&#8221; said Hotz.\n&#8220;Communities think that journalists are just there to get clicks.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, Hotz says that solutions journalism is intended\nto cover communities that are thriving and what steps have been taken to reach\nthat point. The goal, she says is to create a network for communities looking\nto solve problems such as air pollution and homelessness. The whole point \u2014the\nraison d&#8217;\u00eatre\u2014of solutions journalism is, as the label suggests, to explore\nsolutions to such vexing social and existential problems. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hotz says solutions\njournalism can also be a new way to hold power to account. Practical examples\ncan be presented to policymakers, by those very citizens informed by solutions\njournalism. Hotz says that it equips citizens with practical examples they can\npresent to their own elected officials during policy consultation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s not just \u2018we\nwant you to change this thing,\u2019 but instead \u2018we want you to change this thing\nand we know how to do it because it worked in this other community,\u2019\u201d said Hotz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So if that is what we\nnow understand to be \u201csolution\u201d journalism, what about its better-known\nforerunner, \u201cadvocacy\u201d journalism?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SJN draws a hard line\nbetween solutions journalism and advocacy <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perhaps it comes down\nto the long history of advocacy and partisan journalism in Canada. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As it was in much of\nthe Western world, in Canada historically, political parties and news\norganizations working in partnership was one way in which \u201cjournalism\u201d\nmanifested itself. George Brown\u2019s <em>The\nGlobe<\/em>, a precursor to <em>The Globe and Mail<\/em>, was often used by Brown\u2019s Reform party to push its agenda. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It was only during the mid-20th century when the newspaper advertising model that was to eventually stand in stark, suffering, and ultimately failing relief to the revolutionary 21st-century internet model took off, that newspapers were able to distance themselves from the political parties that were once their key financial supporters. Up to that point, it was understood that major papers in Canada would be comfortable bedfellows with the major competing parties. Such a notion would cause current-day stalwart objectivists to shudder, but it&#8217;s an important part of Canada&#8217;s journalistic history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"2000\" src=\"http:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/exam-preparation-timeline.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/exam-preparation-timeline.png 800w, https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/exam-preparation-timeline-120x300.png 120w, https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/exam-preparation-timeline-768x1920.png 768w, https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/36\/2019\/06\/exam-preparation-timeline-410x1024.png 410w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Funding<\/strong> <strong>for the Future:\nIs a government gift horse the way forward?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the wake of a half century or more of the\n\u201ctraditional\u201d journalism model, whose reliable profit-generating capacity often\ncreated vast fortunes for publishing families or corporations, what comes next?\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Government charity? Perhaps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In its budget announcement of November 22, 2018,\nthe federal government made a vague commitment to invest in the future of\nCanadian journalism. It took a few more months before tentative details\nemerged.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The lede: There would be a new influx of money:\n$595 million over the next five years. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An independent panel would be established to\nrecommend which media organizations qualify for any of the money. Those\norganisations would be deemed a \u201cQualified Canadian Journalism Organization\n(QCJO). Canadian newsrooms wishing to qualify as a QCJO would have to employ at\nleast two journalists who \u201cdeal at arm\u2019s length with the organization\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This criterion of \u201cat arm\u2019s length\u201d appears to work\nin favour of larger, existing legacy operations. Put bluntly, if you\u2019re\nstarting a newsroom to fill a reporting gap left in your local community by the\nclosing of the local paper, unless you have the initial resources to employ two\njournalists who are not also involved in the business side of the newsroom,\nyou\u2019re out of luck. And not many journalism start-ups are going to have those\nkinds of initial resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And anyway what makes a journalist? Is there even a\ndefinition?&nbsp; Journalism in this country\nhas never been a regulated profession; a point of pride for many in the field\nbecause it allows, in theory, journalistic independence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another criterion to qualify as a QCJO is that the newsroom\ncan&#8217;t be focused on niche subjects. While this in no way precludes journalists\ncovering local affairs from receiving a subsidy, it could mean that special\ninterest publications focussing on topics such as technology are left out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The proposal does attempt to embrace smaller,\nindependent, <em>non-profit<\/em> producers of\njournalism by allowing them to apply for charitable status.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Currently, The Walrus Foundation is the only\njournalistic publisher in Canada that qualifies as a non-profit organisation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond this narrow qualifier of non-profit status,\nare other proposed tax strategies directed at newsrooms that remain within the\nfor-profit sector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first targets the Canadian consumer, who will be able to claim a credit for subscriptions to Canadian digital news. The maximum tax credit will be $75 but will only apply to the purchase of online <em>written<\/em> journalism. Podcasting and online video providers are left out, with no explanation provided by the federal government. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tax credits aren\u2019t to be limited to the subscribing\npublic. There is a plan to introduce a labour tax credit as well for\npublications to claim.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The labour tax credit carries the most detailed\nprovisions at this point, with qualifying employees working for at least 40\nconsecutive weeks a year and spending 75 percent of their required 26 hours per\nweek \u201cengaged in the production of news content.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the main issues with the new labour credit\nis that there is no incentive for hiring new employees. Organizations will need\nto invest almost a year of employment in new hires before they qualify for the\nlabour credit. While organizations that employ a larger number of qualifying\njournalists will benefit more than smaller employers, practically speaking,\npublications can save the money they might otherwise have originally spent on\nemployees, and instead award their upper executives with larger bonuses. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Who is to say they can\u2019t? Considering that in 2018\nPostmedia CEO Paul Godfrey was awarded a $1.2 million bonus even as he was\ncampaigning for greater government funding for legacy news publications, this\nisn&#8217;t a ridiculous conclusion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>None of this means necessarily that legacy\npublications will be the biggest beneficiaries, but as all of these\npublications do focus on print publishing, they are poised to benefit with\nlittle change to their current business practices if the proposed plan goes\nthrough. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And that is part of the argument fuelling the\ncritics of the federal government proposal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To its supporters, the influx of more than half a billion dollars is a much-needed lifeline that will help save newsrooms across the country. And for communities that have watched their local coverage shrink, direct funding could help stem the tide of job losses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But critics warn that establishing a direct funding\nmodel could calcify the journalistic landscape, slowing innovation and leaving\njournalism and journalists in the unattractive position of being reliant on\ngovernment handouts. And given the always-differing priorities from one\ngovernment to the next, usually along party or ideological lines, it could make\nfor a very fraught existence. Ask anyone who has ever worked at the CBC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s little surprise that new media ventures aren\u2019t\nholding their breath waiting to be saved by subsidies from the Canadian\ngovernment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Back in Brampton at <em>The Pointer<\/em>, San Grewal\nsays he will accept funding if it comes around, but he isn&#8217;t basing the\nfinancial stability of his newsroom on handouts from the government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meanwhile, at <em>The Conversation Canada<\/em>, Scott\nWhite and Lisa Varano aren\u2019t concerned about most of the proposed tax changes\nby the federal government. As publishers relying on funding from participating\nacademic institutions, they haven\u2019t been hit by Facebook and Google taking away\nthe majority of advertising dollars in the way traditional news sources have\nbeen. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This doesn\u2019t mean, according to White, that they\nwon\u2019t try for non-profit status if the opportunity presents itself, but there\u2019s\na significant caveat that comes with any funding commitment in an election\nyear. In the upcoming federal election in October, the governing Liberal party\nneeds to win.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>An Uncertain Future<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There isn&#8217;t a single model of doing journalism that\nis going to save the news industry. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Publications will continue to struggle, and major\ntraditional media sources will still try to find ways to keep operating in\nwhatever parts of the world still embrace, in theory at least, the principle of\na free press. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The new federal funding may end up saving Canadian\njournalism. That is what Liberal policymakers are banking on. Or it may end up\nstagnating journalistic innovation. That is what some of the would-be\ninnovators say. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the average, news-consuming Canadian, it is all\nlikely to be unremarkable. Throwing money at a problem can only go so far, and\nthe greater systemic issues of how to make news organizations viable will\ncontinue to vex the industry. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The fragmentation evidenced by the hyper-local\nefforts of <em>The Pointer<\/em>, or the shareable-journalistic-academia model of <em>The\nConversation Canada<\/em> may be the future. Or perhaps the advertising-based\nmodels of yore will mount some kind of unlikely messianic comeback. But\nwhatever it is to be, Canadians still need their news, maybe now more than\never.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:center\">== 30 ==<\/p>\n\n\n<p><!--EndFragment--><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tanner Morton On March 19, the Ryerson Communications Centre filled with journalists and news junkies, attending yet another event attempting to confront the uncertain reality of journalism in Canada. It happened also to be the day of the federal budget release, where the government of Canada outlined its upcoming plan to fund journalism in Canada. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/2019\/08\/19\/new-ventures-in-canadian-journalism\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;New ventures in Canadian journalism&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":97,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>New ventures in Canadian journalism -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/grad.journalism.torontomu.ca\/tanner-morton\/2019\/08\/19\/new-ventures-in-canadian-journalism\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New ventures in Canadian journalism -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tanner Morton On March 19, the Ryerson Communications Centre filled with journalists and news junkies, attending yet another event attempting to confront the uncertain reality of journalism in Canada. 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